keymgr – Key management utility

Synopsis

keymgr [config_option] [options] zone_name command

keymgr [config_option] [options] keystore_id command

keymgr [config_option] [-j] -l

keymgr -t parameter...

Description

The keymgr utility serves for manual key management in Knot DNS server.

Functions for DNSSEC keys and KASP (Key And Signature Policy) management are provided.

The DNSSEC and KASP configuration is stored in a so called KASP database. The database is backed by LMDB.

Parameters

zone_name

Name of the zone the command is executed for.

Config options

-c, --config file

Use a textual configuration file (default is @config_dir@/knot.conf).

-C, --confdb directory

Use a binary configuration database directory (default is @storage_dir@/confdb). The default configuration database, if exists, has a preference to the default configuration file.

-D, --dir path

Use specified KASP database path and default configuration.

Options

-t, --tsig tsig_name [tsig_algorithm [tsig_bits]]

Generates a TSIG key for the given name. Optionally the key algorithm can be specified by its name (default: hmac-sha256) and a bit length of the key (default: optimal length given by algorithm). The generated TSIG key is only displayed on stdout: the command does not create a file, nor include the key in a keystore.

-e, --extended

Extended output (listing of keys with full description).

-j, --json

Print the zones or keys in JSON format.

-l, --list

Print the list of zones that have at least one key stored in the configured KASP database.

-x, --mono

Don't generate colorized output.

-X, --color

Force colorized output in the normal mode.

-h, --help

Print the program help.

-V, --version

Print the program version.

Note

Keymgr runs with the same user privileges as configured for knotd. For example, if keymgr is run as root, but the configured user is knot, it won't be able to read files (PEM files, KASP database, ...) readable only by root.

Commands

list [timestamp_format]

Prints the list of key IDs and parameters of keys belonging to the zone.

generate [arguments...]

Generates new DNSSEC key and stores it in KASP database. Prints the key ID. This action takes some number of arguments (see below). Values for unspecified arguments are taken from corresponding policy (if -c or -C options used) or from Knot policy defaults.

import-bind BIND_key_file

Imports a BIND-style key into KASP database (converting it to PEM format). Takes one argument: path to BIND key file (private or public, but both MUST exist).

import-pub BIND_pubkey_file

Imports a public key into KASP database. This key won't be rolled over nor used for signing. Takes one argument: path to BIND public key file.

import-pem PEM_file [arguments...]

Imports a DNSSEC key from PEM file. The key parameters (same as for the generate action) need to be specified (mainly algorithm, timers...) because they are not contained in the PEM format.

import-pkcs11 key_id [arguments...]

Imports a DNSSEC key from PKCS #11 storage. The key parameters (same as for the generate action) need to be specified (mainly algorithm, timers...) because they are not available. In fact, no key data is imported, only KASP database metadata is created.

nsec3-salt [new_salt]

Prints the current NSEC3 salt used for signing. If new_salt is specified, the salt is overwritten. The salt is printed and expected in hexadecimal, or dash if empty.

local-serial [new_serial]

Print SOA serial stored in KASP database when using on-secondary DNSSEC signing. If new_serial is specified, the serial is overwritten. After updating the serial, expire the zone (zone-purge +expire +zonefile +journal) if the server is running, or remove corresponding zone file and journal contents if the server is stopped.

master-serial [new_serial]

Print SOA serial of the remote master stored in KASP database when using on-secondary DNSSEC signing. If new_serial is specified, the serial is overwritten (not recommended).

set key_spec [arguments...]

Changes a timing argument (or ksk/zsk) of an existing key to a new value. Key_spec is either the key tag or a prefix of the key ID, with an optional [id=|keytag=] prefix; arguments are like for generate, but just the related ones.

ds [key_spec]

Generate DS record (all digest algorithms together) for specified key. Key_spec is like for set, if unspecified, all KSKs are used.

dnskey [key_spec]

Generate DNSKEY record for specified key. Key_spec is like for ds, if unspecified, all KSKs are used.

delete key_spec

Remove the specified key from zone. If the key was not shared, it is also deleted from keystore.

share key_ID zone_from

Import a key (specified by full key ID) from another zone as shared. After this, the key is owned by both zones equally.

Keystore commands

keystore-test

Conduct some tests on the specified keystore. For each algorithm, key generation, import, removal, and use (signing and verification) are tested. Use a configured keystore_id or - for the default.

keystore-bench [num_threads]

Conduct a signing benchmark on the specified keystore. Random blocks of data are signed by the selected number of threads (default is 1) in a loop, and the average number of signing operations per second for each algorithm is returned. Use a configured keystore_id or - for the default.

Commands related to Offline KSK feature

pregenerate [timestamp-from] timestamp-to

Pre-generate ZSKs for use with offline KSK, for the specified period starting from now or specified time. This function also applies to non-offline KSK keys.

show-offline [timestamp-from] [timestamp-to]

Print pre-generated offline key-related records for specified time interval. If timestamp_to is omitted, it will be to infinity. If timestamp-from is omitted, it will start from the beginning.

del-offline timestamp-from timestamp-to

Delete pre-generated offline key-related records in specified time interval.

del-all-old

Delete old keys that are in state 'removed'. This function also applies to non-offline KSK keys.

generate-ksr [timestamp-from] timestamp-to

Print to stdout KeySigningRequest based on pre-generated ZSKs for specified time period. If timestamp-from is omitted, timestamp of the last offline records set is used or now if no records available.

sign-ksr ksr_file

Read KeySigningRequest from a text file, sign it using local keyset and print SignedKeyResponse to stdout.

validate-skr skr_file

Read SignedKeyResponse from a text file and validate the RRSIGs in it if not corrupt.

import-skr skr_file

Read SignedKeyResponse from a text file and import the signatures for later use in zone. If some signatures have already been imported, they will be deleted for the period from beginning of the SKR to infinity.

Generate arguments

Arguments are separated by space, each of them is in format 'name=value'.

algorithm

Either an algorithm number (e.g. 14) or algorithm name without dashes (e.g. ECDSAP384SHA384).

size

Key length in bits.

ksk

If set to yes, the key will be used for signing DNSKEY rrset. The generated key will also have the Secure Entry Point flag set to 1.

zsk

If set to yes, the key will be used for signing zone (except DNSKEY rrset). This flag can be set concurrently with the ksk flag.

sep

Overrides the standard setting of the Secure Entry Point flag.

The following arguments are timestamps of key lifetime (see DNSSEC key states):

pre_active

Key started to be used for signing, not published (only for algorithm rollover).

publish

Key published.

ready

Key is waiting for submission (only for KSK).

active

Key used for signing.

retire_active

Key still used for signing, but another key is active (only for KSK or algorithm rollover).

retire

Key still published, but no longer used for signing.

post_active

Key no longer published, but still used for signing (only for algorithm rollover).

revoke

Key revoked according to RFC 5011 trust anchor roll-over.

remove

Key deleted.

Timestamps

0

Zero timestamp means infinite future.

UNIX_time

Positive number of seconds since 1970 UTC.

YYYYMMDDHHMMSS

Date and time in this format without any punctuation.

relative_timestamp

A sign character (+, -), a number, and an optional time unit (y, mo, d, h, mi, s). The default unit is one second. E.g. +1mi, -2mo.

Output timestamp formats

(none)

The timestamps are printed as UNIX timestamp.

human

The timestamps are printed relatively to now using time units (e.g. -2y5mo, +1h13s).

iso

The timestamps are printed in the ISO8601 format (e.g. 2016-12-31T23:59:00).

Exit values

Exit status of 0 means successful operation. Any other exit status indicates an error.

Examples

1. Generate new TSIG key:

   $ keymgr -t my_name hmac-sha384
   

2. Generate new DNSSEC key:

   $ keymgr example.com. generate algorithm=ECDSAP256SHA256 size=256 \
     ksk=true created=1488034625 publish=20170223205611 retire=+10mo remove=+1y
   

3. Import a DNSSEC key from BIND:

   $ keymgr example.com. import-bind ~/bind/Kharbinge4d5.+007+63089.key
   

4. Configure key timing:

   $ keymgr example.com. set 4208 active=+2mi retire=+4mi remove=+5mi
   

5. Share a KSK from another zone:

   $ keymgr example.com. share e687cf927029e9db7184d2ece6d663f5d1e5b0e9 another-zone.com.
   

See Also

RFC 6781 - DNSSEC Operational Practices. RFC 7583 - DNSSEC Key Rollover Timing Considerations.

knot.conf(5), knotc(8), knotd(8).